/* ============================================
   mHealth Research Group Website Styles
   ============================================ */

/* CSS Variables */
:root {
    --primary-color: #8B0000;
    --primary-dark: #6B0000;
    --primary-light: #A52A2A;
    --text-dark: #333;
    --text-light: #666;
    --text-muted: #999;
    --bg-light: #f8f9fa;
    --bg-white: #ffffff;
    --border-color: #ddd;
    --shadow-sm: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --shadow-lg: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    --transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

/* Reset & Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-dark);
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
}

.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
}

/* Typography */
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
    font-weight: 600;
    line-height: 1.3;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

h1 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
}

h2 {
    font-size: 2rem;
}

h3 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

h4 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
}

p {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-dark);
}

/* Buttons */
.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-align: center;
    transition: var(--transition);
    cursor: pointer;
    border: none;
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: var(--primary-dark);
    color: white;
}

/* ============================================
   Navigation Bar
   ============================================ */
a,
button,
.navbar-toggle,
.navbar-menu a {
    -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
}

.navbar-menu a:focus,
.navbar-toggle:focus {
    outline: none;
}

.navbar {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    padding: 1rem 0;
}

.navbar-content {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.navbar-brand {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.navbar-brand a {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.navbar-logo {
    height: 50px;
    width: auto;
}

.navbar-tagline {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.navbar-toggle {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 4px;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.navbar-toggle span {
    display: block;
    width: 25px;
    height: 3px;
    background-color: var(--text-dark);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.navbar-menu {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    gap: 2rem;
    align-items: center;
}

.navbar-menu a {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
}

.navbar-menu a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.dropdown {
    position: relative;
}

.dropdown-toggle {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.25rem;
}

.dropdown-menu {
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: var(--transition);
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    list-style: none;
    min-width: 200px;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    border-radius: 4px;
    z-index: 1000;
}

.dropdown:hover .dropdown-menu,
.dropdown:focus-within .dropdown-menu {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.dropdown.open .dropdown-menu {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
}

.dropdown-menu li {
    padding: 0;
}

.dropdown-menu a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.dropdown-menu a:hover {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.navbar-social a {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: var(--text-dark);
}

.navbar-social a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* ============================================
   Footer
   ============================================ */
.footer {
    background-color: var(--text-dark);
    color: white;
    padding: 3rem 0 1rem;
    margin-top: 4rem;
}

.footer-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.footer-section h3 {
    color: white;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.footer-section p,
.footer-section a {
    color: #ccc;
}

.footer-section a:hover {
    color: white;
}

.footer-section ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-section li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.footer-social {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.footer-social a {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

.footer-bottom {
    border-top: 1px solid #555;
    padding-top: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
    color: #999;
}

/* ============================================
   Home Page
   ============================================ */
.hero-section {
    position: relative;
    height: 550px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.hero-slider {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    position: relative;
}

.hero-slide {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 0.5s ease;
}

.hero-slide.active {
    opacity: 1;
}

.hero-slide img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.hero-overlay {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5));
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    color: white;
}

/* Carousel Dots */
.hero-dots {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 30px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    display: flex;
    gap: 12px;
    z-index: 10;
}

.dot {
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.dot.active {
    background-color: white;
    transform: scale(1.2);
}

.dot:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
}

.hero-title {
    font-size: 4rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    color: white;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.hero-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    color: white;
}

.home-content {
    padding: 4rem 0;
}

.home-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
}

.lab-intro h2 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.intro-text {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
    text-align: justify;
}

.news-sidebar .sidebar-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.news-sidebar h3 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.news-sidebar-item {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    padding-bottom: 1.5rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.news-sidebar-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.news-sidebar-item h4 {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.news-sidebar-item p {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.news-sidebar-date {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}



/* ============================================
   Members Page
   ============================================ */
.members-page,
.alumni-page {
    padding: 3rem 0;
}

.page-title {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding-bottom: 1rem;
    border-bottom: 3px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.members-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 250px 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
}

.members-sidebar {
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    height: fit-content;
}

.members-sidebar h3 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.members-nav ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.members-nav li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.members-nav a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.members-nav a:hover {
    border-left-color: var(--primary-color);
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
}

.pi-section,
.faculty-section,
.ra-section,
.students-section {
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

.pi-section h2,
.faculty-section h2,
.ra-section h2,
.students-section h2 {
    color: var(--text-dark);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.pi-card {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 250px 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 2rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.pi-photo img {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.pi-info h3 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.pi-titles {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.pi-titles p {
    margin-bottom: 0.1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.pi-email {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.members-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(175px, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
}

.member-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.member-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.member-photo {
    width: 100%;
    height: 220px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.member-photo img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.member-info {
    padding: 1rem;
}

.member-name {
    font-size: 1rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

.member-role {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.member-email {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.member-links {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.member-link {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
}

/* Member Profile Page */
.member-profile-page {
    padding: 3rem 0;
}

.profile-header {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 300px 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.profile-photo img {
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.profile-info h1 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.profile-titles {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.profile-titles p {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.profile-email,
.profile-linkedin {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.profile-content {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.profile-content p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

/* Alumni Table */
.alumni-table-wrapper {
    overflow-x: scroll;
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.alumni-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
}

.alumni-table thead {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: white;
}

.alumni-table th,
.alumni-table td {
    padding: 1rem;
    text-align: left;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

/* ============================================
   Research Page
   ============================================ */
.research-page {
    padding: 3rem 0;
}

.research-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 250px 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
}

.research-sidebar {
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    height: fit-content;
}

.research-sidebar h3 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.research-nav ul {
    list-style: none;
}

.research-nav li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.research-nav a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.research-nav a:hover {
    border-left-color: var(--primary-color);
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
}

.research-group {
    margin-bottom: 4rem;
    scroll-margin-top: 100px;
}

.research-group h2 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
    padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.projects-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
    gap: 2rem;
}

.project-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.project-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.project-title {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.project-description {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--text-light);
}

.project-status {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
    background-color: var(--primary-light);
    color: white;
    border-radius: 20px;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.project-link {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* ============================================
   Publications Page
   ============================================ */
.publications-page {
    padding: 3rem 0;
}

.publications-layout {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
}

.publications-sidebar {
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    height: fit-content;
}

.publication-date {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    display: block;
}

.years-nav ul {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    list-style: none;
}

.years-nav li {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.years-nav a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.years-nav a:hover {
    border-left-color: var(--primary-color);
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
}

.scholar-link {
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
}

.year-section {
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
    scroll-margin-top: 100px;
}

.year-section h2 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.publications-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.publication-item {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.publication-title {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.publication-authors {
    font-style: italic;
    color: var(--text-light);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.publication-journal {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.publication-abstract {
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.publication-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* ============================================
   News Pages
   ============================================ */
.news-featured-page,
.news-achievements-page {
    padding: 3rem 0;
}

/* Featured News Page */

.featured-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2rem;
}

.featured-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 2rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.featured-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.featured-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 2rem;
}


.featured-item {
    display: grid;
    gap: 2rem;
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 1.5rem;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.featured-item:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    background-color: var(--bg-light);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.featured-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.featured-date {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.featured-source {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    color: var(--primary-light);
    font-weight: bold;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

/* Achievement Page */

.achievements-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(350px, 1fr));
    gap: 1rem;
}

.achievement-card {
    background-color: var(--bg-white);
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: var(--transition);

    position: relative;
    display: block;
    padding-bottom: 3rem;
}

a.achievement-card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.achievement-thumbnail {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    overflow: hidden;
}

.achievement-thumbnail img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
}

.achievement-content {
    padding: 1rem 1rem 0;
}

.achievement-readmore {
    position: absolute;
    left: 1rem;
    bottom: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-light);
    text-decoration: none;
}

.achievement-readmore:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

.achievement-date {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.achievement-card h3 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
}

.achievement-link {
    display: inline-block;
    margin-top: 1rem;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* News Article Page */

.news-header {
    margin-top: 2rem;
}

.news-thumbnail-large {
    display: flex;
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
    border-radius: 4px;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.news-thumbnail-large img {
    max-width: 70%;
    max-height: 600px;
    width: 70%;
    height: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
}

.news-content {
    text-align: justify;
}

.news-date {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    display: block;
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.news-content h3 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.news-source {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-style: italic;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

/* ============================================
   Photos Page
   ============================================ */
.photos-page {
    padding: 3rem 0;
}

.photo-gallery {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
    gap: 1rem;
}

.photo-gallery a {
    position: relative;
    display: block;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 4px;
    aspect-ratio: 1;
}

.photo-gallery img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.photo-gallery a:hover img {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

.photo-caption {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8), transparent);
    color: white;
    padding: 1rem;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.photo-gallery a:hover .photo-caption {
    opacity: 1;
}

.pswp__caption {
    background: transparent;
    font-size: 16px;
    color: #fff;
    position: absolute;
    left: 50%;
    bottom: 16px;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    text-align: center;
}

.pswp__caption a {
    color: #fff;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* ============================================
   Contact Page
   ============================================ */
.contact-page {
    padding: 3rem 0;
}

.contact-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 3rem;
}

.contact-info h2,
.contact-form h2 {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.info-block {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.info-block h3 {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.contact-form form {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1.5rem;
}

.form-group {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.form-group label {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.form-group input,
.form-group textarea {
    padding: 0.75rem;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 4px;
    font-family: inherit;
    font-size: 1rem;
    transition: var(--transition);
}

.form-group input:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus {
    outline: none;
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* ============================================
   Responsive Design
   ============================================ */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .navbar-social {
        order: -1;
        /* Moves social to the left */
    }

    .navbar-brand {
        order: 0;
        /* Keeps brand in the middle */
    }

    .navbar-toggle {
        order: 1;
        /* Moves toggle to the right */
    }

    .navbar-menu {
        order: 2;
        /* Keeps menu after toggle (though it's absolute when active) */
    }


    .dropdown:hover .dropdown-menu,
    .dropdown:focus-within .dropdown-menu {
        opacity: 0;
        visibility: hidden;
    }

    .dropdown.open .dropdown-menu {
        opacity: 1;
        visibility: visible;
    }

    .navbar-toggle {
        display: flex;
    }

    .navbar-menu {
        display: none;
        flex-direction: column;
        position: absolute;
        top: 100%;
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        background-color: var(--bg-white);
        box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
        padding: 0.75rem 0.5rem;
        gap: 0.5rem;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }

    .navbar-menu li {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 5px 0;
    }

    .navbar-menu a {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
    }

    .navbar-menu.active {
        display: flex;
    }

    .dropdown>a {
        padding-top: 0;
        padding-bottom: 0;
    }

    .dropdown-menu {
        position: absolute;
        box-shadow: none;
        width: 100%;
        margin-top: 0;
        background-color: var(--primary-color);
    }

    .dropdown-menu a {
        padding-left: 2rem;
        color: white;
    }

    .hero-title {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }

    .hero-subtitle {
        font-size: 1.2rem;
    }

    .hero-section {
        height: 300px;
    }

    .home-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .research-layout,
    .publications-layout,
    .members-layout {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .research-sidebar,
    .publications-sidebar,
    .members-sidebar {
        position: static;
    }

    .years-nav ul {
        flex-direction: row;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }

    .profile-header {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .contact-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .photo-gallery {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    }

    .pswp__caption {
        bottom: 128px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .publication-title {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }

    .publication-authors,
    .publication-journal {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .publication-date {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    .publication-abstract {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
    }

    .pi-card {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .pi-photo img {
        width: 200px;
    }

    .members-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
    }

    .projects-grid,
    .achievements-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .featured-item {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .photo-gallery {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    h1 {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
    }

    h2 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }

    .navbar-tagline {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }

    .photo-gallery {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .members-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    }
}

/* ============================================
   Utility Classes
   ============================================ */
.text-center {
    text-align: center;
}

.mb-1 {
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.mb-2 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.mb-3 {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.mb-4 {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.mt-1 {
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

.mt-2 {
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.mt-3 {
    margin-top: 1.5rem;
}

.mt-4 {
    margin-top: 2rem;
}